A serious loss of cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might be expected from normal aging.

B-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma-2 gene (Bcl-2), is a human proto-ocongene which is located on chromosome 18. When this gene is activated it becomes an ocongene.

The c-Jun NH(2) terminal Kinase(JNK) is a memeber of an evolutionarily conserved sub-family of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. It plays an important role in the non-canonical Wnt signalling pathway.

A memeber of a family of structurally related proteins that are prominently expressed in the central nervous system. Aggregated alpha-synuclein proteins form brain lesions that are hallmarks of some neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative disease is a varied assortment of central nervous system disorder, characterised by gradual and progressive loss of neural tissue due to cell death.

 A membrane-enclosed fragment constituting of cellelar proteins and nuclear fragments. Those are usually marked for degradation by a specific marker such as phatydylserine. Degradation process often happen through phagositosis of these fragments by immune cells , such as macrophages, and...

A mosquito-transmitted viral haemorrhagic fever that occurs most commonly in tropical regions with variable severity. Its symptoms include fever, headache, limb pain, vomitting and rash, that occur 3-14 days after the infectios bite. Mortality can increase if circulatory intravascular coagulation...

An infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt). This disease spreads by the inhalation of saliva droplets from the cough or sneeze of a patient. It mainly affects lungs, but can still affect other parts of the body including bones and the nervous system. Tuberculosis...

Large cells formed by the fusion of several macrophages, with the possibilty of each cell to contain more than 50 nuclei. There are several types of these cells, each is distinguished by the arrangement of its nuclei. For instance, the Langhan giant cell, which is the typical type of tuberculosis,...

Deficiency of red blood supply locally in a part of the body as a result of an interruption in its blood flow. This can be a result of vasoconstriction, thrombosis or embolism.